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common problem
Q
What are the main types of building insulation materials? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?
A
Inorganic thermal insulation materials (such as rock wool, glass wool, foam glass):
Advantages: Good fire resistance (Class A non combustible), good breathability, and high stability.
Disadvantages: Slightly higher thermal conductivity than organic materials, higher water absorption rate, and easy generation of fiber dust during construction.
Organic insulation materials (such as EPS polystyrene board, XPS extruded board, PU polyurethane):
Advantages: low thermal conductivity, good insulation effect, light weight, and convenient construction.
Disadvantages: The fire rating is mostly B level (requiring the addition of flame retardants), it is prone to deformation at high temperatures, and its durability is slightly poor.
Composite insulation materials (such as integrated insulation board, vacuum insulation board):
Advantages: Excellent comprehensive performance, high construction efficiency, and some can achieve Class A fire protection.
Disadvantages: High cost and strict requirements for the flatness of the base layer.
Advantages: Good fire resistance (Class A non combustible), good breathability, and high stability.
Disadvantages: Slightly higher thermal conductivity than organic materials, higher water absorption rate, and easy generation of fiber dust during construction.
Organic insulation materials (such as EPS polystyrene board, XPS extruded board, PU polyurethane):
Advantages: low thermal conductivity, good insulation effect, light weight, and convenient construction.
Disadvantages: The fire rating is mostly B level (requiring the addition of flame retardants), it is prone to deformation at high temperatures, and its durability is slightly poor.
Composite insulation materials (such as integrated insulation board, vacuum insulation board):
Advantages: Excellent comprehensive performance, high construction efficiency, and some can achieve Class A fire protection.
Disadvantages: High cost and strict requirements for the flatness of the base layer.
Q
How to choose insulation materials suitable for the project?
A
The following factors need to be taken into account:
Fire prevention requirements: Grade A materials are required for high-rise buildings (>100m); Low level B1 (flame retardant) is available.
Climate conditions: In extremely cold regions, materials with low thermal conductivity (such as PU, XPS) are preferred; Low water absorption is required in humid environment (such as XPS, foam glass).
Base type: Concrete walls often use boards; Complex shapes can be coated with polyurethane or insulated mortar.
Economy: EPS has the lowest cost; Vacuum insulation board is expensive but thin.
Policy and regulations: B2 level materials are prohibited in some areas, and local standards need to be consulted.
Fire prevention requirements: Grade A materials are required for high-rise buildings (>100m); Low level B1 (flame retardant) is available.
Climate conditions: In extremely cold regions, materials with low thermal conductivity (such as PU, XPS) are preferred; Low water absorption is required in humid environment (such as XPS, foam glass).
Base type: Concrete walls often use boards; Complex shapes can be coated with polyurethane or insulated mortar.
Economy: EPS has the lowest cost; Vacuum insulation board is expensive but thin.
Policy and regulations: B2 level materials are prohibited in some areas, and local standards need to be consulted.
Q
How to evaluate the environmental friendliness of insulation materials?
A
Formaldehyde emission: should comply with GB 50325 (≤ 0.124mg/m ³).
Harmful substances: Rock wool needs to be tested for fiber particles (WHO standard, non carcinogenic).
Thermal insulation mortar: It is prohibited to use sea sand (chloride ions exceeding the standard can corrode steel bars).
Green building material certification: Priority should be given to selecting three-star certified products of Chinese green building materials.
Harmful substances: Rock wool needs to be tested for fiber particles (WHO standard, non carcinogenic).
Thermal insulation mortar: It is prohibited to use sea sand (chloride ions exceeding the standard can corrode steel bars).
Green building material certification: Priority should be given to selecting three-star certified products of Chinese green building materials.
