聚氨酯建筑保温新国标将成行业“风向标”


发布时间:

2024-10-16

明确PIR材料定位、细化绝热性能分级,引导行业加大研发投入,推动保温材料向高性能、多元化方向升级

明确PIR材料定位、细化绝热性能分级,引导行业加大研发投入,推动保温材料向高性能、多元化方向升级——

近期,我国建筑保温材料领域迎来重要技术革新信号——GB/T21558《建筑绝热用硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料》新国标已于2025年12月31日正式获批发布,将于2026年7月1日起全面实施。作为该标准第一起草人、万华化学集团股份有限公司建筑市场总监晋艳丽在接受中国化工报专访时表示,新版标准在2008版基础上实现全方位升级,以技术创新引领和安全底线坚守为核心,将倒逼行业优化升级、规范发展,为建筑节能与消防安全筑牢标准屏障,助力“双碳”目标下建筑保温行业的高质量转型。

据悉,该标准修订计划于2025年4月30日正式下达,由万华化学、北京工商大学等单位牵头,在全国塑料制品标准化技术委员会(TC48)的指导下,组建专业修订工作组完成了全部修订任务。此次修订紧扣建筑节能升级、消防安全强化的行业发展需求,针对旧版标准存在的分类不细、技术要求滞后等问题,进行了系统性优化,尤其在推动技术创新、保障建筑安全两大维度实现重大突破,成为引领行业发展的“风向标”。


“新版标准最核心的亮点之一,就是通过明确PIR材料定位、细化绝热性能分级,引导行业加大研发投入,推动保温材料向高性能、多元化方向升级。”晋艳丽强调,当前我国建筑能耗占全社会总能耗的37%,保温材料作为建筑节能的核心载体,其性能直接决定建筑全生命周期的能耗效率,而技术创新正是破解行业性能瓶颈的关键。

据晋艳丽介绍,新版标准首次明确了硬质聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料(PIR)的定义及其与硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料(PUR)的分类关系,并新增了PIR材料的专项性能要求。“PIR材料在耐高温、尺寸稳定性等方面具有显著优势,其保温性能是传统岩棉的2倍以上,重量仅为岩棉的1/8,遇火碳化,防火性能接近岩棉,完胜传统热塑性保温材料。”她表示,此前由于缺乏明确的标准依据,PIR材料的市场应用受到限制,此次标准修订填补了这一空白,将激发企业对PIR材料的研发热情,推动其在高端建筑保温领域的广泛应用,助力高性能保温材料的普及推广。

在绝热性能分级方面,新版标准更是实现了精细化升级,打破旧版单一分类模式,设置了8个绝热等级(020级—040级),导热系数要求从0.020W/(m·K)覆盖至0.040W/(m·K)。“这一细分贴合当前建筑节能标准不断提升的需求,也顺应了行业‘低导热、高强度、轻量化’的发展趋势。”晋艳丽解释道,随着“双碳”目标推进,市场对保温材料的绝热性能要求日益严苛,传统材料已难以满足高端项目需求,而精细化的绝热分级将引导企业针对性加大研发投入,聚焦低导热系数产品的研发与生产,破解行业同质化竞争难题,推动产品性能持续升级,同时也为设计、施工单位提供了更清晰的选型依据,实现保温材料与应用场景的精准匹配。

除了推动技术创新,筑牢建筑消防安全底线也是此次标准修订的核心重点。晋艳丽表示,建筑保温材料的防火性能直接关系到人民群众的生命财产安全。此次新版标准进一步明确了燃烧性能分级要求,仍按照GB8624进行分级,同时强制要求产品必须符合GB46520、GB55037、GB50016及GB50072等国家强制性防火安全规范。

“这一要求相当于从源头上划定了建筑保温材料的防火‘红线’,将倒逼企业优化生产工艺,提升产品防火性能,淘汰不符合安全标准的落后产能。”晋艳丽强调,标准的实施将推动行业形成“安全优先、优质优价”的竞争格局,切实提升建筑消防安全水平,从材料端防范建筑火灾隐患,为建筑安全保驾护航。

此次标准修订还对产品分类体系、物理力学性能、标识要求等进行了全面优化。在分类体系上,建立了承载要求、燃烧性能、绝热性能三维分级体系,将承载要求细分为7个压缩性能等级,精准匹配墙体保温、上人屋面、冷库地面等不同应用场景;在物理力学性能上,调整芯密度要求,鼓励低密度、高强度、高性能产品研发,并新增湿热条件下的尺寸稳定性测试,更贴合实际工程应用环境;在标识要求上,强化产品可追溯性,规定需在包装和本体最小单元标注完整信息,便于市场监管和各方选用。

晋艳丽表示,作为全球领先的化工新材料企业,万华化学始终深耕聚氨酯保温材料领域,凭借二十多年的技术积累,构建了覆盖建筑外围护、环保内装的系统创新解决方案,此次牵头标准修订,既是企业责任的体现,也是推动行业升级的实践。“下一步,万华化学将积极发挥技术优势,推动标准落地实施,推广聚氨酯建筑保温创新解决方案,加强产业链协同合作,引导行业企业适应新标准要求,优化生产工艺和质量控制体系,共同推动建筑保温行业向高质量、规范化、绿色化方向发展。”

业内人士表示,GB/T21558新国标的发布实施,是我国建筑保温材料领域标准化工作的重要里程碑,契合当前建筑节能、绿色建筑和消防安全的发展要求,将为硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料在建筑领域的科学应用提供坚实技术支撑。标准的全面落地有助于破解行业性能瓶颈、同质化竞争、安全隐患等突出问题,推动行业技术创新能力持续提升,助力建筑领域“双碳”目标实现和建筑品质升级。



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